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Sea louse
The sea louse (plural sea lice) is a family of copepods within the order Siphonostomatoida, the Caligidae. There are around 559 species in 37 genera, including approximately 162 ''Lepeophtheirus'' and 268 ''Caligus'' species. Sea lice are marine ectoparasites (external parasites) that feed on the mucus, epidermal tissue, and blood of host marine fish.
This article focuses on the genera ''Lepeophtheirus'' and ''Caligus'' which parasitize marine fish, in particular those species that have been recorded on farmed salmon. ''Lepeophtheirus salmonis'' and various ''Caligus'' species are adapted to saltwater and are major ectoparasites of farmed and wild Atlantic salmon. Several antiparasitic drugs have been developed for control purposes. Since ''L. salmonis'' is the major sea louse of concern and is the best understood in the areas of its biology and interactions with its salmon host, this review will focus on this species.
''Caligus rogercresseyi'' has become a major parasite of concern on salmon farms in Chile, and studies are under way to gain a better understanding of the parasite and the host-parasite interactions. Recent evidence is also emerging that ''L. salmonis'' in the Atlantic has sufficient genetic differences from ''L. salmonis'' from the Pacific, suggesting that Atlantic and Pacific ''L. salmonis'' may have independently co-evolved with Atlantic and Pacific salmonids, respectively.
==Diversity==
The family Caligidae is estimated to contain around 559 species in 37 genera. The largest of these are ''Caligus'', with around 268 species, and ''Lepeophtheirus'' with around 162 species.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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